When you’re expecting a child, you naturally hope for a smooth delivery and a healthy baby. Unfortunately, sometimes complications arise that lead to birth injuries, which can vary widely in severity and type. Many of these injuries are preventable. Below, D’Amore Personal Injury Law, LLC explains the most common birth injuries, including those potentially caused by medical negligence.

Minor Bruising

Minor bruising is a common occurrence in newborns following delivery, typically resulting from physical pressure as the baby passes through the birth canal or from the use of delivery instruments like forceps or vacuum extractors. While these bruises are generally less severe, it’s essential to monitor them to ensure they resolve as expected and do not indicate more serious underlying issues. In most cases, these bruises are superficial and heal without any medical intervention within a few days to weeks. However, if bruising is extensive or accompanied by other symptoms such as swelling or pain, it may require further medical evaluation to rule out more severe conditions like internal bleeding or an underlying hematologic disorder. Parents should observe the bruising patterns and consult healthcare providers if there are concerns about the baby’s overall health and recovery.

Brachial Plexus Injuries

Brachial plexus injuries stand out as some of the most common injuries during childbirth. Brachial plexus is a crucial network of nerves that originates from the spine and extends through the neck, shoulder, arm, and hand. These nerves can be damaged during birth, particularly if there is difficulty delivering the baby’s shoulder, a situation known as shoulder dystocia. The most frequently encountered form of this injury is Erb’s Palsy, which is characterized by a noticeable weakness or paralysis of the arm. This condition often becomes evident if the baby’s arm remains limp by their side with restricted or no movement. Treatment options vary based on the severity of the injury but may include physical therapy to improve strength and mobility. In more severe cases, surgical intervention might be necessary to repair the damaged nerves and restore function. Long-term follow-up with specialists might be required to manage any ongoing physical limitations.

Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy is a significant and frequent birth injury associated with brain damage that may occur before or during birth. Often, this damage is because of oxygen deprivation or physical trauma during the delivery process. Cerebral palsy affects muscle tone, movement, and motor skills, potentially leading to lifelong challenges. The symptoms can vary widely; some children may experience mild impairment, while others might have severe disabilities. Recognizing symptoms early, such as exaggerated reflexes or unusual posture, is essential for early intervention. Early and ongoing treatment can significantly improve quality of life.

Bone Fractures During Birth

Bone fractures during childbirth are relatively common, particularly fractures of the clavicle or collarbone. These fractures typically occur during challenging deliveries, such as breech presentations where the baby exits buttocks or feet first. Prompt medical evaluation and treatment can ensure healing and minimize discomfort. Most fractures in newborns heal without long-term effects within a few weeks.

Facial Nerve Injuries

Facial nerve injuries during childbirth may result from pressure exerted on the baby’s face, either from labor contractions or the use of delivery instruments like forceps. This type of injury usually appears shortly after birth if one side of the baby’s face appears less responsive or mobile, particularly when crying. While many facial nerve injuries heal on their own, some cases may require further medical intervention to prevent long-term complications. Treatments might include physical therapy or, rarely, surgical intervention.

Perinatal Asphyxia

Perinatal asphyxia happens when a baby does not receive adequate oxygen before, during, or just after birth. This lack of oxygen can lead to various health issues, including abnormal neurological outcomes that might affect cognitive functions, behavior, and coordination. It’s crucial to monitor for any signs of distress during labor to quickly address and reduce the risk of asphyxia and its potentially severe consequences. Ongoing monitoring and treatment in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) may be required.

Intracranial Hemorrhage

Intracranial hemorrhage, or internal bleeding within the brain, can occur because of a variety of factors during childbirth, including a ruptured blood vessel or trauma such as a stroke. The symptoms of this condition might not be immediately evident but can include excessive crying, difficulty feeding, or even seizures.

Baltimore Maryland Birth Injury Lawyer

If you suspect your child has sustained a birth injury because of medical oversight, it’s vital to discuss your situation with a birth injury lawyer without delay. At D’Amore Personal Injury Law, LLC, we help families impacted by birth injuries get compensation and justice. Contact D’Amore Personal Injury Law, LLC by calling (410) 324-2000 or contacting us online here for a consultation. We are here to clarify your legal rights and options and guide you through the next steps.